time of flight methods

Time of Flight (ToF) methods measure distances by calculating the time it takes for a signal—like light, sound, or radio waves—to travel from a sensor to an object and back. A pulse is emitted, and the sensor records how long it takes for the reflection to return. Since we know the speed of the signal, we can determine the distance by multiplying the travel time by that speed, then dividing by two (for round-trip). ToF is widely used in 3D imaging, robotics, and distance measurement for its accuracy and speed.