Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD)

Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) is a non-destructive testing technique used to detect flaws in materials, especially welds. It involves placing two ultrasound probes on opposite sides of the test area; one emits sound waves while the other detects them. When these waves encounter a crack or defect, they produce tiny, scattered signals called diffractions. By measuring the time it takes for these signals to travel and arrive at the detector, technicians can precisely locate and size flaws. TOFD is valued for its accuracy, speed, and ability to detect small, hidden imperfections in critical structures.