Time-delay systems

Time-delay systems are systems where the effect of an action isn't immediate but occurs after a certain period. For example, in a manufacturing process, changing a setting today might only influence the outcome hours later. These delays can affect how the system behaves, making it more complex to analyze and control. Understanding and managing these delays is crucial to ensure the system remains stable, efficient, and responsive. In essence, time-delay systems account for lag times between input actions and their resulting effects, which is important for accurate modeling and decision-making.