Thyroid Autoimmunity

Thyroid autoimmunity occurs when the immune system mistakenly targets the thyroid gland, which controls hormones that regulate metabolism and energy. Conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease are examples, leading to either underactive or overactive thyroid function. The immune system produces antibodies that attack thyroid cells, causing inflammation and disrupting hormone production. Symptoms can include fatigue, weight changes, mood shifts, and changes in heart rate. The exact cause isn’t fully understood but involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment often involves managing hormone levels, helping maintain normal metabolism and energy levels.