Three Towers of San Marino

The Three Towers of San Marino—Guaita, Cesta, and Montale—are historic fortifications perched on Mount Titano, symbolizing San Marino's independence. Guaita, the oldest, dates back to the 11th century and served as the main defensive stronghold. Cesta, built in the 13th century, provided light artillery defense and housed a fortress. Montale, the smallest, offers stunning views and has served as a watchtower. Together, these towers exemplify medieval military architecture, historically protecting the republic from invaders while now standing as iconic symbols of San Marino's endurance and heritage.