three-dimensional lattices

A three-dimensional lattice is a repeated, orderly arrangement of points or objects in space, extending in all directions. Imagine stacking identical cubes or atoms so that each one is surrounded uniformly—this creates a regular, grid-like structure in 3D. Such lattices help scientists understand how atoms are organized in crystals, determining properties like strength and conductivity. The pattern remains consistent whether you look at it from above, side, or front, making the structure predictable and symmetrical throughout the material.