three-dimensional Fourier transform

A three-dimensional Fourier transform is a mathematical tool that analyzes data consisting of three variables—like spatial coordinates in a 3D image or volume. It breaks down complex 3D signals into a combination of simple wave patterns with different sizes and directions, revealing their frequency content. This helps in understanding the underlying structures, filtering noise, or reconstructing images in fields like medical imaging (MRI), physics, and engineering. Essentially, it translates 3D data from the spatial domain into a frequency domain, providing a different perspective to analyze and process the information more effectively.