Third-harmonic generation

Third-harmonic generation is a nonlinear optical process where intense light, typically from a laser, interacts with a material and produces light at a new frequency that is three times higher than the original. This means if the original light has a certain color or wavelength, the generated light will be at a shorter wavelength, often shifting into the ultraviolet range. The process relies on the material’s nonlinear response to the light’s electric field, effectively combining three photons of the original light into one photon with higher energy, enabling applications in imaging, spectroscopy, and scientific research.