theory of networks

The theory of networks studies how interconnected systems—such as social groups, computer systems, or transportation grids—function and communicate. It uses nodes (individual units like people or computers) and edges (the connections between them) to analyze patterns, flow, and influence within the system. This helps us understand how information, resources, or diseases spread, optimize connectivity, and identify critical points. Network theory provides tools to model complex interactions, revealing underlying structures and behaviors that are important for improving efficiency, resilience, and understanding in various fields.