Theory of Justice (John Rawls)

John Rawls' Theory of Justice is a framework for creating a fair society. He suggests that principles of justice should be chosen from behind a "veil of ignorance," where individuals don’t know their social status, talents, or beliefs. Under this condition, they would select rules that benefit everyone equally, especially the least advantaged. Rawls emphasizes two key principles: guaranteeing equal basic rights for all and arranging social and economic inequalities to benefit everyone, particularly the least well-off. Overall, his theory advocates fairness and equality as foundations for justice in society.