Theory of E (Euler's Number)

Euler's number, commonly denoted as "e," is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828. It plays a crucial role in calculus, particularly in growth and decay processes. For example, "e" helps model how populations grow or how money accumulates with interest over time. It appears in various branches of mathematics, especially in exponential functions, where it serves as the base for natural logarithms. This makes "e" fundamental in understanding complex systems in science, finance, and engineering, illustrating how change occurs continuously rather than in discrete steps.