Theory of Color Charge

Color charge is a property of quarks, the fundamental particles that make up protons and neutrons. It's similar to electric charge but comes in three types: red, green, and blue. Just as opposite electric charges attract, quarks combine in ways that result in "color-neutral" particles. The strong force, which binds quarks together, is mediated by particles called gluons that carry color charge, allowing quarks to constantly exchange color and remain confined within particles. This concept helps explain why quarks never exist alone and how the strong nuclear force operates at a fundamental level.