Theories of routine activities

Routine activities theory suggests that crime occurs when three elements converge: a motivated offender, a suitable target, and the absence of capable guardianship. In everyday terms, it means crimes are more likely to happen when a person with intent notices an easy target and there’s no one nearby to stop or deter them. The theory highlights how daily patterns and behaviors—like leaving valuables unattended or being in unprotected areas—influence the chances of becoming a victim. It emphasizes that changing routine activities, such as increasing security or supervision, can reduce the likelihood of crime.