Theories of Non-Equilibrium

Theories of non-equilibrium focus on systems that are not in a stable, balanced state. Unlike equilibrium, where everything is steady and predictable, non-equilibrium systems are dynamic, often involving flows of energy or matter that create change and complexity. These theories explore how such systems develop patterns, adapt, and maintain stability despite constant movement. Examples include weather patterns, ecosystems, and economic markets. They help us understand processes that are inherently changing, emphasizing how order can emerge from chaos and how systems respond to disturbances—key to understanding natural and social phenomena.