Theories of Forgetting

Theories of forgetting describe how and why we lose access to stored memories. One theory, decay, suggests memories fade over time if they aren’t used. Interference theories propose that new or similar information can disrupt existing memories—similar to how background noise can make it hard to hear. Retrieval failure suggests memories are stored but temporarily inaccessible, often due to lack of cues. Consolidation theory emphasizes that memories need time and proper processing to become stable, and if interrupted, can be lost. These theories help explain the complex processes involved in forgetting our experiences.