Theoretical Foundations of Quantum Physics

Quantum physics explores the behavior of matter and energy at very small scales, like atoms and particles. It reveals that particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously (superposition), and their properties are only definite when measured. Additionally, particles can become entangled, meaning their states are interconnected regardless of distance. These principles challenge classical ideas, showing that at microscopic levels, nature operates probabilistically, governed by waves and probabilities rather than certainties. Quantum physics provides a fundamental framework that underpins modern technologies like semiconductors, lasers, and emerging quantum computers.