The Tuckman Ladder

The Tuckman Ladder is a model describing the stages teams go through as they form and develop. It starts with "Forming," when team members get to know each other and understand goals. Next is "Storming," where conflicts and disagreements may arise as roles are clarified. Then comes "Norming," when team members establish trust and work more cohesively. Following is "Performing," where the team operates efficiently towards goals. Some models add an "Adjourning" stage, marking the end of the team's work. This framework helps understand team dynamics and guides effective team development.