The Third Law of Thermodynamics

The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that as a system approaches absolute zero temperature (−273.15°C or 0 Kelvin), its entropy—or disorder—approaches a constant minimum, often zero for perfect crystals. Essentially, this means that at absolute zero, a perfectly ordered substance has no randomness in its structure, and you cannot remove any more thermal energy. This principle helps scientists understand the behavior of materials at extremely low temperatures and sets a fundamental limit on how cold we can make things, ensuring a predictable baseline for thermodynamic calculations.