The Tale of Bygone Years

*The Tale of Bygone Years*, also known as the *Primary Chronicle*, is an ancient Russian historical document from the 12th century. It chronicles the early history, legends, and important events of the Eastern Slavs and Kievan Rus’—a medieval state that laid the foundation for modern Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. Compiled from oral traditions, writings, and chronicles, it provides insights into the migration, alliances, rulers, and cultural development of early Eastern European peoples. The chronicle is a key source for understanding the origins and development of Eastern Slavic civilization.