The State System

The state system refers to the organization of political entities known as states, each with defined borders, a government, and the ability to interact with other states. It emerged in the 17th century with the Peace of Westphalia, establishing principles like sovereignty, where states have authority over their territory and independence from external control. This system facilitates international relations, diplomacy, and trade, shaping global politics. While there are variations, such as federal systems, the core concept remains that states operate as distinct units within a larger international community.