The Social-Ecological Systems (SES) Framework

The Social-Ecological Systems (SES) Framework is a way to understand how humans and nature interact within a shared environment. It views these interactions as interconnected parts—such as communities, the economy, natural resources, and ecosystems—that influence each other. By examining these components and their relationships, the framework helps identify how social actions affect natural systems and vice versa. This holistic approach supports better management and decision-making to promote sustainability, resilience, and the health of both human societies and the environment.