The Shadow Education System

The shadow education system comprises private tutoring and supplementary classes outside formal school hours, often to improve academic performance or prepare for exams. It operates parallel to the official education system and is driven by student and parent demand for additional support. While it can help students succeed, it may also create inequalities, as those with more resources can access better tutoring. This system varies globally—common in many countries—reflecting gaps in formal education, societal expectations, and competitive academic environments.