The Secret of Greek Fire

Greek fire was an ancient incendiary weapon used by the Byzantine Empire, notable for its ability to burn fiercely on water and be difficult to extinguish. Its exact composition remains a secret, but it likely included ingredients like petroleum, quicklime, and sulfur. The substance was projected via tubes or siphons during naval battles, giving Byzantines a significant advantage against enemies. The incendiary's mysterious formula and the strategic use of Greek fire contributed to the defense of Constantinople for centuries, making it one of history’s most famous early military innovations.