The Science of Light

Light is a form of energy that travels as waves and particles called photons. It moves through space at a speed of about 299,792 kilometers per second. Light behaves both as a wave—allowing phenomena like diffraction and interference—and as particles that carry energy. It enables us to see by bouncing off objects and entering our eyes, where specialized cells detect it and send signals to our brain. Light also carries information, such as colors and images, and is essential for processes like photosynthesis, providing energy for plants and powering solar devices.