The Rise of the Factory System

The rise of the factory system marked a shift in how goods were produced, moving from small-scale, handmade craftsmanship to large-scale, mechanized manufacturing. Starting in the late 18th century during the Industrial Revolution, factories brought many workers together under one roof, using machinery to increase efficiency and output. This change was driven by technological innovations, such as the steam engine, and advancements in labor organization. The factory system enabled mass production, lowered costs, and supported the growth of cities and economies, transforming industries like textiles, iron, and coal into more efficient and widespread operations.