The Principle of Least Action

The Principle of Least Action states that, when something moves from one point to another, it takes the path that requires the least amount of "effort" or "cost" according to a specific quantity called action, which depends on factors like energy and time. Instead of choosing randomly, nature "favors" the path where this action is minimized or stationary. This idea helps explain many physical phenomena, like the trajectory of a ball or light rays, as nature always finds the most efficient route based on this principle.