The prime number theorem

The Prime Number Theorem describes how prime numbers (numbers divisible only by 1 and themselves) are spread out along the number line. It states that as numbers get larger, primes become less frequent, roughly decreasing in density at a rate proportional to 1 divided by their size. In simple terms, if you pick a very large number, say a trillion, the expected number of primes less than that is approximately the trillion divided by the natural logarithm of that number. This theorem helps us understand the distribution and how primes are sprinkled among all natural numbers.