The Pill (oral contraceptive)

The Pill, or oral contraceptive, is a medication taken by women to prevent pregnancy. It contains hormones—usually estrogen and progestin—that regulate or stop ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovaries. By doing so, it makes it less likely for pregnancy to occur. The Pill also thickens cervical mucus, which blocks sperm from reaching an egg, and thins the uterine lining, making it less receptive to implantation. When taken correctly every day, it is highly effective. However, it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections and should be used alongside other precautions if needed.