The Physiology of the Nervous System (Hodgkin and Huxley)

The Hodgkin and Huxley model explains how nerve cells send signals through electrical signals called action potentials. When a nerve cell receives a message, tiny channels in its membrane open, allowing charged particles (ions) like sodium and potassium to flow in and out. This flow changes the electrical charge inside the cell, creating a wave that travels along the nerve. Once the signal passes, channels close, and the cell resets. This process enables rapid and precise communication in the nervous system, controlling everything from muscle movement to sensations and thoughts.