The Physics of Music

The physics of music involves vibrations that produce sound waves traveling through the air. When an instrument or voice vibrates, it creates pressure changes—sound waves—that reach our ears. The frequency of these vibrations determines pitch; higher vibrations produce high notes, lower vibrations produce low notes. The amplitude influences loudness—the bigger the vibration, the louder the sound. The shape and material of an instrument affect timbre, giving each sound its unique quality. These sound waves interact with our ears and brain, allowing us to perceive and enjoy music as patterns of vibrations translated into rich auditory experiences.