The Operon Model

The Operon Model explains how bacteria control gene activity to produce proteins when needed. An operon is a segment of DNA containing genes for related functions, along with a regulatory area called the operator and a control region called the promoter. When a certain molecule (like a sugar) is present, it can activate or deactivate the operon, allowing the bacteria to turn genes on or off efficiently. This system helps bacteria conserve energy by only producing specific proteins when they are required for survival or growth.