The notation of quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics uses mathematical symbols to describe particles at very small scales, like electrons and photons. It employs wave functions, usually denoted ψ (psi), representing the probability of a particle’s position or momentum. Operators act on these functions to find measurable quantities, such as energy or spin. The theory also involves principles like superposition (particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously) and uncertainty (certain pairs of properties cannot both be precisely known). Overall, the notation provides a precise language to predict and understand phenomena that differ drastically from everyday experiences, capturing the probabilistic and wave-like nature of the quantum world.