The New York Times v. Sullivan

The New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) case established that for a public official to win a defamation lawsuit, they must prove that false statements were made with "actual malice"—knowing the information was false or reckless disregard for the truth. The Supreme Court ruling emphasizes the importance of free speech and robust discussion about public officials, making it harder for them to sue media outlets for criticizing them unless false claims are made intentionally or with reckless disregard for accuracy. This decision significantly limits defamation claims against the press in matters of public concern.