The Monitor Model

The Monitor Model, developed by Stephen Krashen, explains how people learn languages. It suggests learners have an internal "monitor" or editing system that helps correct grammar and pronunciation when speaking or writing. Language acquisition happens naturally through meaningful communication, especially when they understand messages. The model emphasizes the importance of exposure to authentic language and reducing anxiety, allowing learners to develop fluency and confidence. Essentially, it distinguishes between "learning" (formal study) and "acquisition" (subconscious learning) and highlights the role of the monitor in refining language use during communication.