The Molecular Basis of Life

The molecular basis of life refers to how tiny molecules, primarily DNA, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, form the building blocks of living organisms. DNA carries genetic instructions that determine how an organism develops and functions. Proteins, made from amino acids, perform most biological functions, like building tissues and speeding up chemical reactions. Fats store energy and make up cell membranes, while carbohydrates provide quick energy. These molecules interact in complex ways, enabling growth, reproduction, and adaptation—making life possible at a fundamental molecular level.