The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes

The mathematical theory of black holes is based on Einstein’s general relativity, which describes how mass and energy curve space and time. When a massive star collapses under its own gravity, it can form a black hole—an area where gravity is so intense that nothing, not even light, can escape. Mathematicians use equations to understand the shape of space around black holes, called spacetime, and predict properties like the event horizon (the point of no return). These equations help scientists explore black hole behavior, such as how they form, grow, and interact with their surroundings.