The Mammoth Steppe

The Mammoth Steppe was a vast, grasses-and-tundra ecosystem that stretched across Europe, Asia, and North America during the last Ice Age. It supported a diverse array of large mammals like mammoths, rhinoceroses, reindeer, and wild horses. This environment was characterized by cold, dry conditions with mix of open plains and sparse vegetation. It provided abundant food and habitats for these animals for thousands of years. The Mammoth Steppe played a crucial role in shaping the prehistoric climate and ecology, but declined around 10,000 years ago as the climate warmed and human activity increased, leading to the extinction of many species.