The Mamluk Sultanate

The Mamluk Sultanate was a medieval Islamic empire in Egypt and the Levant from 1250 to 1517. It was ruled by Mamluks, slave-soldiers who seized power and established a ruling class. Known for defeating the Mongols and Crusaders, the Mamluks maintained strong military and cultural influence, fostering trade, architecture, and scholarship. Their rule ended when the Ottoman Turks conquered Egypt in 1517. The Mamluk period is notable for its contributions to art, science, and the preservation of Islamic culture during a significant medieval era.