The Labovian Model

The Labovian Model explains how people change their speech based on the social context they are in. It identifies three levels of language: the core, which is the formal, standard way people speak; the casual, used among friends; and the highest, which shows social identity like class or prestige. According to this model, speakers shift between these levels consciously or unconsciously, depending on the situation. It helps us understand how language reflects social identities and group memberships, showing that language is dynamic and social rather than fixed.