The Kolmogorov School of Mathematics

The Kolmogorov School of Mathematics, founded by Andrey Kolmogorov, revolutionized the field by establishing a rigorous foundation for probability theory in the 1930s. It emphasized formal mathematical structures and axioms to define and analyze randomness and uncertainty. This approach allowed mathematicians and scientists to model real-world phenomena—like weather, finance, and physics—with greater precision and clarity. The school fostered deep theoretical work and interconnected areas of mathematics, significantly influencing modern statistical methods, stochastic processes, and our understanding of uncertainty in various scientific disciplines.