The Kingdom of Sicily

The Kingdom of Sicily was a medieval and early modern state that included the island of Sicily and parts of southern Italy. It was established in 1130, uniting various territories under Norman rule, and later influenced by the Habsburgs, Aragonese, and Spanish crowns. It played a key role in Mediterranean politics, commerce, and culture, with a diverse population of Italians, Normans, Arabs, and others. The kingdom was known for its rich, multicultural society, vibrant cities, and unique blend of Western and Eastern traditions. It remained a significant political entity until its integration into the unified Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.