The Iron Cage: An Historical Interpretation of American Religion

"The Iron Cage: An Historical Interpretation of American Religion" by Robert Bellah explores how American religious life has become increasingly structured and routine over time, like being trapped in an "iron cage." He argues that while religion once served as a dynamic force fostering individual meaning and social unity, modern institutions—churches, denominations—have become bureaucratic and less personal. This shift limits spiritual expression and makes religion more about maintaining tradition and social order than genuine personal faith. The book examines how this transformation has affected American religious identity and its role in society.