The Irish Question

The Irish Question refers to the political and social debates over Ireland’s status within the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Central issues included Ireland’s demand for independence or Home Rule—self-governance within Britain—and concerns about religious and cultural differences, especially between Catholics and Protestants. These tensions often led to conflicts, violence, and negotiations, as many Irish people sought autonomy or full independence, while others wanted to remain part of the UK. The question was eventually addressed with the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922, leading to Ireland’s partial independence.