The invariance of factor structures

The invariance of factor structures refers to the idea that the underlying patterns or relationships among variables remain consistent across different groups or contexts. For example, if a psychological test measures certain traits, the way these traits relate to the questions should stay stable whether the test is given to different age groups, cultures, or time periods. This consistency ensures that the constructs are comparable and meaningful, allowing researchers to make valid conclusions across diverse populations without the risk that the core structure has changed.