The Indian Act (RSC 1970)

The Indian Act (RSC 1970) is a Canadian law that governs the relationship between the federal government and Indigenous peoples, primarily First Nations in Canada. It outlines laws regarding Indigenous land management, reserves, band governments, and cultural practices. Originally enacted in 1876, it has been amended over time, but it has been criticized for controlling many aspects of Indigenous life and limiting self-governance. The Act aims to regulate various issues affecting Indigenous communities but is also viewed as a tool that has historically marginalized and paternalized these communities, impacting their sovereignty and cultural practices.