The Hydrosphere

The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth—oceans, lakes, rivers, ice caps, groundwater, and even water vapor in the atmosphere. It plays a vital role in supporting life, regulating climate, and shaping geological features. Water moves continuously through processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff, forming a dynamic and interconnected system. The hydrosphere interacts closely with the atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, influencing weather patterns, ecosystems, and human activities. Understanding the hydrosphere is essential for managing water resources, addressing climate change, and maintaining the overall health of our planet.