The History of the Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire was the eastern continuation of the Roman Empire, centered in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), lasting from around 330 AD to 1453 AD. It preserved Roman laws, culture, and Christianity, thriving as a hub of trade, art, and learning. Over centuries, it faced invasions and internal struggles but remained influential. Its scholars preserved classical knowledge, and its architecture, like Hagia Sophia, exemplifies its grandeur. The empire gradually declined due to wars, economic issues, and the rise of the Ottoman Turks, who eventually captured Constantinople in 1453, marking the end of Byzantine rule and opening a new chapter in world history.