The Heartland Theory

The Heartland Theory, proposed by British geographer Halford Mackinder in 1904, suggests that the key to global power lies in controlling the central region of Eurasia, known as the "Heartland." This area includes parts of Eastern Europe and central Asia. Mackinder argued that whoever dominates this region has the potential to control the world's resources and influence global politics. The theory emphasizes the strategic importance of land power over sea power, suggesting that land-based nations can exert significant influence over global affairs if they secure the Heartland.