The Haldane Effect

The Haldane Effect describes how the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin in the blood influences carbon dioxide transport. When hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs, it changes shape, reducing its affinity for carbon dioxide and releasing it for exhalation. Conversely, in the tissues where oxygen unloads from hemoglobin, the molecule's shape favors binding carbon dioxide, aiding its removal from tissues. This process helps efficiently regulate carbon dioxide levels and maintain proper blood pH, working in tandem with oxygen delivery to optimize gas exchange throughout the body.