The Genus Homo

The genus Homo includes modern humans and our closest extinct relatives, characterized by larger brains and more advanced tool use compared to earlier ancestors. Emerging around 2.8 million years ago, Homo species show increased cognitive abilities, social complexity, and cultural development. Notable members include Homo habilis, often called the “handy man,” and Homo erectus, who first used fire and traveled out of Africa. The genus Homo represents a key stage in human evolution, reflecting significant biological and behavioral changes that led to the appearance of Homo sapiens, our own species.